hardware
Unterschiede
Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.
| Beide Seiten der vorigen RevisionVorhergehende ÜberarbeitungNächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung | ||
| hardware [2024-03-10 13:08:00] – manfred | hardware [2025-06-30 18:00:18] (aktuell) – [Die ersten Massen-CPUs] manfred | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Zeile 4: | Zeile 4: | ||
| ===== Die ersten Massen-CPUs ===== | ===== Die ersten Massen-CPUs ===== | ||
| - | * __1974:__ **[[https:// | + | * __1974:__ **[[https:// |
| * 1976: [[https:// | * 1976: [[https:// | ||
| - | * __1975:__ **[[https:// | + | |
| - | * //Der einfacher gehaltene Befehlssatz führt allerdings dazu, dass 6502-Programme im Normalfall deutlich mehr Speicher benötigen als das Gleiche leistende MC6800- oder Z80-Programme; | + | |
| + | * //Der einfacher gehaltene Befehlssatz führt allerdings dazu, dass 6502-Programme im Normalfall deutlich mehr Speicher benötigen als das Gleiche leistende MC6800- oder Z80-Programme; | ||
| * __1976:__ **[[https:// | * __1976:__ **[[https:// | ||
| * //Erwurde auch von Mostek unter Lizenz als MK3880 vermarktet.// | * //Erwurde auch von Mostek unter Lizenz als MK3880 vermarktet.// | ||
| Zeile 385: | Zeile 386: | ||
| - | ===== Mogelpackung ===== | ||
| - | Diese Ausgabe zeigt 16 CPUs... | + | ===== Hardware-Programmierung ===== |
| - | | + | |
| - | + | | |
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 0 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 0 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 1 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 1 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 2 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 2 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 3 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 3 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 0 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 0 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 1 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 1 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 2 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 2 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 1 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 3 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | processor | + | |
| - | vendor_id | + | |
| - | cpu family | + | |
| - | model : 26 | + | |
| - | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU | + | |
| - | stepping | + | |
| - | cpu MHz : 2926.105 | + | |
| - | cache size : 8192 KB | + | |
| - | physical id : 0 | + | |
| - | siblings | + | |
| - | core id : 3 | + | |
| - | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
| - | apicid | + | |
| - | initial apicid | + | |
| - | fpu : yes | + | |
| - | fpu_exception : yes | + | |
| - | cpuid level : 11 | + | |
| - | wp : yes | + | |
| - | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good xtopology pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid | + | |
| - | bogomips | + | |
| - | clflush size : 64 | + | |
| - | cache_alignment | + | |
| - | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
| - | power management: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ... leider ist das aber bei genauerem hinsehen eine "// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | Die oben gezeigte Ausgabe stammt von einem Dual-Quad-Core mit //Hyper-Threading-Technology// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //Hyper-Threading-Technology// bringt nur einen Geschwindigkeitsvorteil, | + | |
| - | An sonsten werden z.B. die ersten beiden Prozesse auf die ersten beiden virtuellen CPUs gestartet, wobei das aber der selbe Kern (mit Hyper-Threading) ist und alle anderen CPU-Kerne haben nix zu tun. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | Deshalb sollte man HTT (Hyper-Threading-Technology) im BIOS nur dann aktivieren, wenn man viele Prozesse fährt. | + | |
/home/http/wiki/data/attic/hardware.1710076080.txt · Zuletzt geändert: von manfred
