Unterschiede

Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.

--- percona_xtradb_cluster_pxc [2020-03-20 14:43:53] – [Backup mit xtrabackup auf Ubuntu 18.04 LTS] manfred
+++ percona_xtradb_cluster_pxc [2021-10-26 16:21:28] (aktuell) – manfred
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
+====== Percona XtraDB Cluster (PXC) ======
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-repo-config/percona-release.html#deb-based-gnu-linux-distributions|Installing Percona XtraDB Cluster on Debian or Ubuntu]] -> direkt von Percona //(mit den Percona-Paketen ist der Admin-Aufwand am geringsten)//
+PXC-Repository (8.0):
+  > echo "deb http://repo.percona.com/pxc-80/apt $(lsb_release -cs) main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-ps-80-release.list
+  > echo "deb http://repo.percona.com/pxb-80/apt $(lsb_release -cs) main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-ps-80-release.list
+  > echo "deb http://repo.percona.com/tools/apt $(lsb_release -cs) main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-ps-80-release.list
+  > apt update
+  > apt install percona-xtradb-cluster-server percona-xtrabackup-80
+oder so:
+  > apt install wget gnupg2 lsb-release curl qpress
+  > wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.generic_all.deb
+  > dpkg -i percona-release_latest.generic_all.deb
+  > cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona-pxc-80-release.list
+  #
+  # This repo is managed by "percona-release" utility, do not edit!
+  #
+  deb http://repo.percona.com/pxc-80/apt focal main
+  deb-src http://repo.percona.com/pxc-80/apt focal main
+  > apt update
+  > apt install percona-release
+  > percona-release enable pxc-80 release
+  > percona-release enable pxb-80 release
+  > percona-release enable tools release
+  > percona-release show
+  The following repositories are enabled on your system:
+  aptrelease
+  pxb-80 - release
+  pxc-80 - release
+  tools - release
+  <*> All done!
+  > apt update
+  > apt install percona-xtradb-cluster-server percona-xtrabackup-80
+<file bash /etc/mysql/conf.d/max_flushing.cnf>
+[mysqld]
+# https://www.percona.com/blog/2020/05/07/prepare-mysql-for-a-safe-shutdown/
+# 4. Configure InnoDB for Max Flushing.
+# SET GLOBAL innodb_fast_shutdown=0; SET GLOBAL innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=0; SET GLOBAL innodb_change_buffering='none';
+# SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'innodb_fast_shutdown'; SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct'; SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'innodb_change_buffering';
+innodb_fast_shutdown=0
+innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=0
+innodb_change_buffering='none'
+</file>
+===== Backup mit xtrabackup auf Ubuntu 18.04 LTS =====
+**//__''xtrabackup'' muß lokal auf dem DB-Host-System ausgeführt werden!__//**
+  # innobackupex --help
+  ...
+  NOTICE: 'innobackupex' is deprecated, please switch to 'xtrabackup'
+  ...
+  * [[https://www.netways.de/blog/2019/08/30/hot-backups-mittels-xtrabackup/]]
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.3/backup_scenarios/full_backup.html]]
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.3/backup_scenarios/compressed_backup.html]]
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.3/backup_scenarios/encrypted_backup.html]]
+==== xtrabackup installieren ====
+  # xtrabackup --help
+  # xtrabackup [--defaults-file=#] --backup --target-dir=/
+  # xtrabackup [--defaults-file=#] --prepare
+  # ssh root@pxcserver01
+  # apt install percona-release
+  # apt update
+  # apt install percona-xtradb-cluster-57
+  # apt install percona-xtrabackup perl rsync qpress
+  # vi /root/.my.cnf
+==== Mit xtrabackup ein Backup erstellen ====
+  # mkdir -p /backup
+  # xtrabackup --backup --target-dir=/backup
+==== Ein mit xtrabackup erstelltes Backup vorbereiten ====
+der Vorbereitungsschritt darf nicht unterbrochen werden, sonst können die Daten beschädigt werden:
+  # xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/backup
+==== Mit xtrabackup ein Backup zurückspielen ====
+  # service mysql stop
+  # mkdir /var/lib/mysql_alt/
+  # mv /var/lib/mysql/* /var/lib/mysql_alt/
+  # xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/backup
+  # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
+  # service mysql start
+es ist auch dieses Kommando möglich
+  # xtrabackup --move-back --target-dir=/backup
+oder übers Netz
+  # xtrabackup --backup --stream=tar -h /var/lib/mysql | ssh root@backupserver01 'mkdir -p /backups/pxcserver01/ ; tar xf - -C /backups/pxcserver01/'
+  # echo "SHOW DATABASES;" | mysql -t -uroot -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} -hlocalhost -P3306
+  # xtrabackup --backup --stream=tar -h /var/lib/mysql -uroot -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} -Hlocalhost -P3306 | gzip -1 | ssh root@backupserver01 'cat > /backups/pxcserver01.tgz'
+  # xtrabackup --backup --stream=tar -h /var/lib/mysql -uroot -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} -Hlocalhost -P3306 | ssh root@backupserver01 'mkdir -p /backups/pxcserver01/ ; tar xf - -C /backups/pxcserver01/'
+===== Backup mit innobackupex auf Ubuntu 18.04 LTS =====
+**//__''innobackupex'' muß lokal auf dem DB-Host-System ausgeführt werden!__//**
+  # innobackupex --help
+  ...
+  NOTICE: 'innobackupex' is deprecated, please switch to 'xtrabackup'
+  ...
+Das [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.1/innobackupex/innobackupex_script.html|innobackupex]]-Tool ist ein Perl-Skript, das als Wrapper für das C-Programm ''xtrabackup'' fungiert.
+Es ist eine gepatchte Version des innobackup Perl-Skripts, das Oracle mit dem InnoDB Hot Backup-Tool verteilt.
+Es ermöglicht mehr Funktionalität durch die Integration von xtrabackup und anderen Funktionen wie Kopieren und Streamen von Dateien sowie zusätzlichen Komfort.
+Sie können zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt Sicherungen von InnoDB / XtraDB-Tabellen zusammen mit den Schemadefinitionen, MyISAM-Tabellen und anderen Teilen des Servers durchführen.
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.3/innobackupex/how_innobackupex_works.html|How innobackupex Works]]
+  * [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.3/innobackupex/how_innobackupex_works.html|Master-Slave-Replikation einrichten mit innobackupex]]
+  * [[https://www.howtoforge.de/anleitung/hot-backups-von-mysql-datenbanken-mit-percona-xtrabackup-auf-ubuntu-1604-durchfhren/|Hot Backups von MySQL-Datenbanken mit Percona XtraBackup auf Ubuntu 16.04 durchführen.]]
+==== Installation von innobackupex ====
+  # ssh root@pxcserver01
+  # apt install percona-release
+  # apt update
+  # apt install percona-xtradb-cluster-57
+  # apt install percona-xtrabackup perl rsync qpress
+  # vi /root/.my.cnf
+==== Backup erstellen ====
+  # mkdir /backup
+  # innobackupex --rsync --slave-info /backup
+  # innobackupex --apply-log /backup
+oder
+  # innobackupex --user=bekupuser --password=mypassword --no-timestamp /backup
+==== Backup zurückspielen ====
+  # service mysql stop
+  # mkdir ~/mysql_old/
+  # mv /var/lib/mysql/* ~/mysql_old/
+  # innobackupex --copy-back /backup
+  # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
+  # service mysql start
+===== Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS - bionic =====
+Galera ist eine zuverlässig funktionierende synchroner Multi-Master-Cluster
+  # apt-get -y update
+  # apt-get -y install apt-utils
+  # apt-get -y install dialog vim screen mc bc facter language-pack-de less bash-completion lsb-release gnupg bind9-host iputils-ping
+  # apt-get -y autoclean
+  # apt-get -y autoremove
+  # dpkg --configure -a
+  # apt-get -y update
+  # apt-get -y dist-upgrade
+  # dpkg --configure -a
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+-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
+</file>
+  # apt-key add percona.gpg
+  # echo "deb http://repo.percona.com/apt bionic main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/percona.list
+  # apt-get -y update
+  # touch ~/.my.cnf
+  # chmod 0600 ~/.my.cnf
+  # vi ~/.my.cnf
+  [client]
+  host     = localhost
+  user     = root
+  password = rootPasswort
+Installation der DB
+  # apt-get -y install libaio1 percona-xtradb-cluster-57
+''xtrabackup''-User (''wsrep_sst_method'', ''wsrep_sst_auth'') => [[https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/2.4/using_xtrabackup/privileges.html|Connection and Privileges Needed]]:
+  # echo "CREATE USER 'sstuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'geheimesPasswort'; GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'sstuser'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;" | mysql
+  # service mysql stop
+  # echo '!includedir /var/lib/mysql/cnf/conf.d/' >> /etc/mysql/my.cnf
+  # mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql_SiK
+  # mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
+  # mv /var/lib/mysql_SiK /var/lib/mysql/data
+  # mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/cnf/conf.d /var/lib/mysql/data /var/lib/mysql/log_bin
+  # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/cnf/conf.d /var/lib/mysql/data /var/lib/mysql/log_bin
+<file text /var/lib/mysql/cnf/conf.d/basic.cnf>
+#
+# diese Konfigurationsdatei überschreibt ggf. die Standard-Optionen aus der /etc/mysql/my.cnf
+# um eigene Werte zu setzen
+#
+[client]
+port            = 3306
+socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+[mysqld_safe]
+socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+nice            = 0
+[mysqld]
+pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
+socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
+port            = 3306
+datadir         = /var/lib/mysql/data
+lc_messages     = german
+bind-address    = 0.0.0.0
+max_connections         = 400
+slow_query_log_file     = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log
+log_bin                 = /var/lib/mysql/log_bin/mariadb-bin
+log_bin_index           = /var/lib/mysql/log_bin/mariadb-bin.index
+expire_logs_days        = 10
+max_binlog_size         = 100M
+</file>
+<file text /var/lib/mysql/cnf/conf.d/galera.cnf>
+[mysqld]
+binlog_format           = ROW
+default-storage-engine  = innodb
+innodb_autoinc_lock_mode= 2
+### Galera Provider Configuration
+wsrep_on=ON
+wsrep_provider=/usr/lib/galera/libgalera_smm.so
+### Galera Cluster Configuration
+wsrep_cluster_name="notify_cluster"
+#wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://"
+wsrep_cluster_address="gcomm://192.168.1.101,192.168.1.102,192.168.1.103"
+### Galera Synchronization Configuration
+###
+wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup
+wsrep_sst_auth = sstuser:geheimesPasswort
+### Galera Node Configuration
+wsrep_node_address="192.168.1.101"
+wsrep_node_name="knoten01"
+</file>